ANXIETY AND MOTIVATION LEVELS OF SOCCER COACHES WORKING IN DIFFERENT LEAGUES IN TURKEY
Serdar KOCAEKŞİ, Ziya KORUÇ, Asaf ÖZKARA
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri ve Teknolojisi Yüksekokulu, Beytepe, Ankara
Keywords: Soccer, coach, anxiety, motivation, exercise
Abstract
The aim of the study is to examine motivation and anxiety levels of soccer coaches working in different leagues in Turkey, according to league type and level, and working experience. A total of 1065 coaches working in different provinces of Turkey participated in the study. The Competition State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) and the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) were used for this purpose. Data were analyzed by using MANOVA. When competition anxieties of coaches working with amateur or professional teams were compared, a significant difference in cognitive anxiety (p<0.001) was found, but none in somatic anxiety and self-confidence. When motivations of coaches were compared in this respect, no significant differences in intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and amotivation were observed. Evaluation of data according to 1-8 yrs and 15 yrs or more coaching experience revealed significant differences for cognitive and somatic anxieties (p<0.001), but none for self-confidence. No significant differences in intrinsic motivation were determined according to coaching experience, while extrinsic motivation (p<0.03) and amotivation (p<0.001) were significantly different. When anxiety levels were evaluated for major, amateur and youth leagues, no significant differences in cognitive and somatic anxiety, and self-confidence were found. Results revealed significant differences in intrinsic (p<0.03) and extrinsic motivation (p<0.001), and amotivation (p<0.03). To conclude, anxiety and motivation levels of coaches in football changed according to the amateur or professional status of their teams, their league levels, and their coaching experience, by changing their perceptions in being pleased.
